Tag Archives: Vomiting

What Causes Nausea and Vomiting

What Causes Nausea and Vomiting?

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Nausea and Vomiting can occur separately depending on the cause. Usually, nausea and vomiting are harmless, but they can be a sign of a more serious illness. 

Nausea is an uneasiness of the stomach that often comes before vomiting. Vomiting is the forcible voluntary or involuntary emptying of stomach contents through the mouth.

Pregnancy

Possible Causes of Nausea and Vomiting

Nausea and vomiting are not diseases, but they are symptoms of many conditions such as:

  • Motion sickness or seasickness
  • Early stages of pregnancy 
  • Medication-induced vomiting
  • Infections 
  • Heart attack
  • Concussion or brain injury
  • Brain tumor
  • Ulcers
  • Some forms of cancer
  • Overeating
  • A reaction to certain smells or odors
  • Bulimia or other psychological illnesses
  • Bowel obstruction 
  • Appendicitis
  • Gastroparesis or slow stomach emptying 
  • Ingestion of toxins or excessive amounts of alcohol
  • Intense pain
  • Emotional stress 
  • Gallbladder disease
  • Food poisoning

When to Call the Doctor about Nausea and Vomiting?

Call your doctor or for medical help about nausea and vomiting if:

  • Nausea lasts for more than a few days or if there is a possibility of being pregnant.
  • The home therapy is not working, dehydration is present, or there is a known injury that occurred which may be the cause of vomiting.
  • The vomiting occurs for more than a day or if nausea and vomiting last more than 24 hours.
  • An infant or child under six years vomits for more than a few hours or if diarrhea is also present, as well as if there is a fever, signs of dehydration, or hasn’t urinated for 4-6 hours.
  • A child over the age of six years vomit lasts one day, diarrhea combined with vomiting lasts for more than 24 hours, there are signs of dehydration, a fever higher than 101 degrees, or the child hasn’t urinated for six hours.

Seek medical care if any of the following occur with vomiting:

  • Diarrhea
  • Rapid breathing or pulse
  • There is blood in the vomit
  • Severe headache or stiff neck
  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Lethargy, confusion, or a decreased alertness

How to Treat Vomiting?

Treatment for vomiting includes:

  • Drinking gradually larger amounts of clear liquids.
  • Avoid solid food until the vomiting episode has passed.
  • Pregnant women experiencing morning sickness can eat some crackers before getting out of bed or eat a high-protein snack before going to bed.
  • Vomiting linked with cancer treatments can often be treated with another type of drug therapy. 

How to Prevent Nausea? 

There are several ways to prevent nausea from developing:

  • Eat slowly.
  • Drink liquids between meals.
  • Try to eat when you feel less nauseated.
  • Avoid hard-to-digest foods.
  • Consume cold foods or room temperature if you are nauseated by the smell of hot or warm foods.
  • Rest after eating with your head elevated about 12 inches above your feet.

Medication Used For Nausea and Vomiting 

  • Dimenhydrinate – this is in a class of medications called antihistamines that is usually recommended to treat nausea and vomiting. Dimenhydrinate reduces the effects of the natural chemical histamine in the body that might be the cause of nausea and vomiting. 
Cholera - Rx 2 Go Pharmacy

Cholera: Signs, Symptoms, Risks, Prevention and Treatment

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Cholera is an acute condition of diarrheal illness. The infection is cause by a bacterium “Vibrio cholerae”. This condition is normally mild and doesn’t have symptoms. In some cases, it can be severe.

In severe cases, different signs are arising. A severe watery diarrhea is one of its symptoms. It can lead to dehydration. If this condition left untreated, this can result in death.

The disease is common in some parts of Africa, South Asia, and Latin America. In which they have poor sanitation. Several treatments are applied in treating this disease.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHOLERA

The symptoms of cholera are watery diarrhea. It contains mucus with a foul smell. The listed below are signs and symptoms that a person might also develop:

  • Vomiting
  • Fishy odor to stool
  • Rice-water stool
  • Thirst
  • Low blood pressure
  • Muscle Cramps
  • Rapid heart rate
  • Fatigue
  • Restlessness/Irritability
  • Dry Mucous Membranes

In severe cases, you may develop symptoms such as:

  • Fever
  • Severe vomiting
  • Abdominal cramps
  • Dehydration
  • Rectal Pain
  • Weight Loss
  • Low Urine Output
  • Seizures
  • Shock
  • Death

People who tend to have this condition are advised to have a hydration. To prevent developing severe cholera. That can lead to death, if not treated.

CHOLERA SOURCE OF INFECTION

The cause of the infection is a bacterium “Vibrio cholerae”. These are found in food and water. The common sources of infection include:

  • Ice made from municipal water
  • Food and Drinks sold by Street Vendors
  • Municipal Water Supplies
  • Undercooked meat, fish, and seafood caught in water polluted by sewage

If a person eats contaminated food, the bacteria release a toxin. It can produce severe diarrhea.

CHOLERA RISK FACTORS

The following are risk factors for cholera including:

  • Poor Sanitary Conditions
  • Household Exposure
  • Type “O” Blood
  • Nonexistent Stomach Acid
  • Raw or Undercooked Shellfish
  • Living/Visiting in an Endemic Area
  • Malnutrition
  • Weak Immune System

HOW TO PREVENT CHOLERA?

If you’re visiting an endemic area, know the tips to avoid cholera. These are the following:

  • Wash your hands with soap and water often.
  • Be wary of dairy foods.
  • Avoid eating sushi.
  • Don’t buy food sold by street vendors.
  • Choose to drink bottled water, canned juices, and soft drinks.
  • Eat fruits and Vegetables that you peel yourself.
  • Wash the dishes and utensils that you use to eat or prepare food.

DIAGNOSING CHOLERA

The doctor will diagnose you by identifying your stool sample. One of the easiest tests to confirm the diagnosis is “rapid cholera dipstick test”.

An early diagnosis helps in decreasing the death rates of cholera. And with the treatment helps cholera outbreaks in control.

TREATING CHOLERA

The treatment for cholera includes:

  • Rehydration Therapy
  • Intravenous Fluids
  • Antibiotics
  • Zinc Supplements

The above-said treatment adds liquid in the body to help rehydration. It also reduces the days of having diarrhea.

ASCARIASIS

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Ascariasis is an infection in the small intestine caused by a parasitic roundworm “Ascaris Lumbricoides”.  Ascaris is a large roundworm that grows over 12 inches in length. It is the most common roundworm infection. People usually get this parasite through consumption of food without proper washing of hands. The parasite can also spread when you drink unsafe water. It can also transmit when vegetables grown in the soil are not properly cooked and washed.

The parasite can penetrate the intestinal tract. From there, the parasite can go to the lungs and into the air sacs and throat.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Literally, the infection has shown no symptoms. The symptoms may become noticeable when the worm starts to grow. Symptoms include:

Roundworms in the stomach

  • Vomiting, nausea
  • Diarrhea
  • Loss of appetite
  • Abdominal pain
  • Worm in the stool
  • Weight loss
  • Impaired growth among children

Roundworm in the lungs

  • Gagging or coughing
  • Fever
  • Chest discomfort
  • Blood in the mucus
  • Shortness of breath

RISK FACTORS

The following are the risk factors of this infection:

  • People that live in tropical areas.
  • Poor hygiene and sanitation
  • Eating food with dirty hands.

COMPLICATIONS

Heavy infestation can infect other parts of the body and can lead to a more serious problem such as:

  • Duct blockage-the worm blocks the passageway to the pancreas and liver.
  • Intestinal blockage- a mass of worm blocks the intestine causing vomiting and severe pain.
  • Loss of appetite and poor nutrient absorption.

DIAGNOSIS

Doctors can diagnose ascariasis by examining the stool sample for parasites.

If the infection is heavy, doctors may suggest you undergo the following imaging tests:

  • X-rays
  • Ultrasound
  • CT Scan
  • MRI Test

PREVENTION

The most important measure to prevent this kind of infection is a safe disposal of human waste. Other safety measures to prevent getting this infection include:

  • Proper washing of hands with soap and water before handling food.
  • Washing hands with soap and water after cleaning pig pens, and pig manure.
  • Practicing a proper hygiene.
  • Teaching and practicing a good sanitation.
  • Avoid ingesting soil that contains human and pig feces which used as fertilizers.
  • Warned the kids to avoid putting their hands in their mouth without washing them.
  • Wash and cook the vegetables properly especially those that have grown in the soil and fertilized with manure.
  • Peel and wash the fruits properly before consuming them.

TREATMENTS

Doctors may prescribe the following medications to treat ascariasis infections:

  • Albendazole – this should be taken with food.
  • Mebendazole
  • Ivermectin – this should be taken with an empty stomach with water.
  • Pyrantel Pamoate – this drug is used to treat pregnant women.
  • Piperazine Citrate

Natural Home Remedies used to treat Ascariasis:

The following can also help in treating this infection:

  • Garlic
  • Unriped Papaya
  • Carrots
  • Pumpkin Seeds
  • Turmeric
  • Carom Seeds
  • Pomegranate Tree Bark
  • Bamboo Leaves
  • Wormwood
Buy Dimenhydrinate

Medication Useful in the Treatment of Nausea, Vomiting and Motion Sickness

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Nausea & Vomiting: – Nausea and Vomiting are not the diseases. They are the symptoms of many different conditions that lead to a disease. Vomiting is a condition that causes to expel the contents of the stomach through the mouth. Nausea is a feeling that you might vomit. They are developed by a number of physical or mental conditions.

Dimenhydrinate is useful in the treatment of Nausea, Vomiting and motion sickness.

How do Dimenhydrinate works?

It is in the group of medication called anti-emetic drugs. The drug affects the vomiting Center in the brain. It is an anti-histamine. It is a combination of two drugs.

  • Anti-emetic action: – The drug stimulates chemo-receptor trigger zone (CTZ). This stimulates the vomiting center in the brain. Thus it reduces the effect of natural chemical histamine in the body.
  • Anti-allergic action: – It shows central sedative action. It modulates signal within the central nervous system. Thus it calms a patient to make them sleep.

What are the uses of Dimenhydrinate?

  • Dimenhydrinate treats nausea, Vomiting, and dizziness caused due to following reasons.
  • Motion sickness.
  • Spinning sensation due to Meniere’s disease.
  • Treatment of ear congestion.
  • Chemo-therapy.
  • Radiation.
  • Surgery.
  • Drug-induced nausea and vomiting.
  • It helps relax and fall asleep.
  • Prevents problems with body balance.

How to take Dimenhydrinate?

Dimenhydrinate is available in the form of a tablet of strength 50 mg.

  • Adult: –
  • Usual Dose: – 25-50 mg every 4 to 6 hours.
    • Maximum dose: – 400 mg per day.
  • Children: –
  • Under 2 years of age – not recommended.
  • 2 to 5 years – 12.5 mg to 25 mg every 6 to 8 hours.
    • Maximum dose – 75 mg per day.
  • 6 to 11 years – 25 to 50 mg every 6 to 8 hours.
    • Maximum dose – 150 mg per day.
  • 12 years and above – as per adult dose.
  • The dosage depends on,
  1. Age
  2. Condition

The response of the patient to the dose.

  • Comment:

Your doctor can adjust the dose as needed. Single dose should not exceed over 100 mg. Over dose can cause adverse reactions like sedation, tightening of chest etc.

What are the precautions in taking Dimenhydrinate?

Inform your doctor about any certain medical condition that you suffer. Inform him if you are/have,

  • Breathing problems.
  • Heart problems.
  • Liver disease.
  • Seizures.
  • Overactive thyroid.
  • Difficulty urinating.
  • Stomach or intestine problem.
  • High pressure in the eye (Glaucoma).
  • Allergy to the above drug.
  • Any other allergies.
  • Inform your doctor prior to dental or any other surgery.
  • Confirm its need to use in pregnancy and while breastfeeding.
  • Tell your doctor regarding all other medicines you take.

Cost of Dimenhydrinate (Generic and Brand).

Generic and Brand medicines contain the same basic active ingredient. So they show the same effect. They differ in their cost. Brand medicines are costlier. They include various expenditures. This increase the cost of medicines.  Generic medicines provide a cheap and effective source of medication.

  • Cost of Generic Dimenhydrinate.

-Pack of 100 tablets of 50 mg costs $ 10.99.

-Cost of single unit is $ 0.11.

  • Cost of Brand Driminate.

-Pack of 12 tablets of 50 mg cost $ 9.61.

-Cost of per unit is $ 0.80.

Buy Promethazine

Medication that Prevents and Treats Nausea and Vomiting

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Nausea and Vomiting are symptoms of a disease or condition. It is a sensation to empty your stomach. The act includes forcibly throwing the contents of the stomach. All the parts of the digestive system act together. They forcibly expel the contents of the stomach in a coordinated fashion.

Promethazine is useful to treat nausea and vomiting. It is helpful in the treatment of many other reasons like motion sickness, pain post-surgery etc.

How does Promethazine Work?    

Promethazine belongs to the class of drugs called phenothiazine. It acts by changing the action of certain chemicals in your brain. The drug blocks a certain natural substance called as histamine. Your body produce it during an allergic reaction. It may act on other natural substance called acetylcholine. This provides anti-nausea, calming and pain relief effects. The drug acts on certain parts of the brain.

How to take Promethazine?

Promethazine is available in the form of a tablet of strengths 25 mg. The dose depends on,

  1. Age of the patient.
  2. Condition to be treated.
  3. How severe is the condition?
  4. The response of the patient to the first dose.

Adult dose:-

  • Usual dose-12.5 to 25 mg.
  • Dosage for sedation-25 mg to 50 mg.
  • Maximum dose- 50 mg/dose.

The dose may be taken into 2 doses as per doctor’s advice.

Children:-

  • <2 years: – Safety and efficacy are not established.
  • For 2 years and older children.
  • Usual dose-0.1 to 0.5 mg/kg 2 to 4 times in day.
  • Dosage for sedation- 12.5-25 mg
  • Maximum does- 25 mg/dose.

Consult your doctor for your dose limit.

What are the Uses of Promethazine? 

  • It prevents and treats nausea & Vomiting related to certain conditions like,
  1. Motion sickness.
  2. Before/After surgery.
  • Used with other medication to treat
  1. Severe allergic reactions.
  2. Reaction to blood products.
  • Helps you to feel relax and sleepy, before and after surgery or other procedures.
  • Makes you feel relax during labor and delivery.
  • Help certain narcotic pain relievers to work better.
  • Treat certain allergic symptoms such as itching, runny nose, sneezing, watery eyes etc.
  • It is used as a sleep aid.
  • It may be used for other purposes not listed in medication guide.

What are the precautions in taking Promethazine?

  • Certain conditions need to be considered before you take this drug. Inform or ask your doctor if you are/have,
  1. Allergic to above drug.
  2. Any other allergies.
  3. Breathing problem like asthma etc.
  4. Blood/immune system problems.
  5. Glaucoma. (High pressure in eye)
  6. Any type of heart disease.
  7. Diabetes.
  8. Dental or any other surgery.
  9. Liver disease.
  10. Certain brain disorder.
  11. Stomach/intestine problem like ulcer etc.
  12. Overactive thyroid.
  13. Difficulty in Urination.
  • Be cautious while operating heavy machinery or driving.
  • Tell your doctor about all other medications to take.
  • Limit your time in the sun.
  • Consult your doctor regarding its use in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Cost of Promethazine (Generic &Brand)

Generic medicines contain same active ingredient as the original brand name drug. The generic drugs can be used as a substitute for a brand medication with the same therapeutic results. They are also cheaper than brand ones.

  • Cost & Generic Promethazine.

Pack of 60 tabs of 25 mg costs $13, per unit cost is $ 0.22.

  • Cost & Brand Phenergan.

Pack of 60 tabs of 25 mg cost $ 68, per unit cost is $ 1.13.

Buy Ondansetron

Medication to Prevent Nausea & Vomiting Caused by Cancer Therapy

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Cancer is a disease that is caused by body’s own cells. There are different types of cells like liver cells, brain cells etc. In cancer, they undergo uncontrolled division of cells. It leads to a mass cell known as tumor or cancer.

Treatment in cancer includes surgery, radiation therapy etc. It also includes killing or damaging cancer cells in the certain area. Therapy also shows side effects like vomiting and Nausea.

Ondansetron is useful in preventing nausea and vomiting. These are caused by cancer therapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.

How does Ondansetron work?

Ondansetron is in the class of medication called serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist.

  • Serotonin is present in the vomiting Center of the brain.
  • Above drug is design to block uptake of the chemical resulting to minimize nausea and vomiting.
  • Serotonin receptors are present in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) within the medulla oblongata.
  • When serotonin is blocked by Ondansetron there is less serotonin that enters the CTZ (vomiting center).
  • This decreases the communication with the vomiting center.
  • Thus, the drug helps to reduce the feeling of nausea and vomiting in the cancer patient.

How to take Ondansetron?

Ondansetron is available in the form of a tablet of 4 mg and 8 mg. Take this medicine only a directed by your doctor. You can take the tablet with or without food. The dosage and the number of times you take the drug will depend on,

  • Your age.
  • The condition being treated.
  • How severe your condition is.
  • Other medical condition you have.

The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. You can follow your Doctor’s advice or the directions given on the label.

What are the uses of Ondansetron?

Ondansetron is used to prevent nausea and vomiting in treating,

  1. Cancer treatment causing moderate vomiting and nausea.
  2. Cancer treatment causing high vomiting and nausea.
  3. Post operation condition.
  4. Radiotherapy in patients receiving,
  • Total body exposed to radiations.
  • Single high dose fraction to the abdomen.
  • Daily fraction to the abdomen.

What are the precautions in taking Ondansetron?

  • It is Important to inform your doctor regarding certain conditions while taking this medicine. Ask or tell your doctor if you have/are.
  • Allergic to above drug and other similar medicines.
  • Any other allergies.
  • Medical history of irregular heartbeat.
  • Severe liver disease.
  • Stomach / intestinal problems.
  • Pregnant.
  • Breastfeeding.
  • Some patients may experience ECG changes including QT prolongation. Inform your doctor regarding the condition.
  • Safety and efficacy are unknown in the age group of below 4 years.

Cost of Ondansetron [Generic & Brand]

Generic and Brand drugs contain the very same active ingredient. The difference lies in their cost. Generic drugs are cheaper than Brand versions. They apply different cost-cutting means to provide cheap medicine to our customers.

Cost of Generic Ondansetron.

  • Pack of 10 tablets of 4 mg costs $ 10, per unit cost is $ 1.
  • Pack of 10 tablets of 8 mg costs $ 16, per unit cost is $ 1.6.

Cost of Brand Zofran.

  • Pack of 30 tablets of 4 mg costs $ 736.92, per unit cost is $ 24.56.
  • Pack of 30 tablets of 8 mg costs $ 1,221.78, per unit cost is $ 40.73.