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Warning Signs of Prostate Cancer

Prostate Cancer occurs in the prostate. The prostate is a small walnut-shaped gland in males that makes the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm. This type of cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. Various prostate cancer grows slowly and is confined to the prostate gland where they may not cause any harm. On the other hand, some types of prostate cancer may grow and need minimal or no treatment, other types are also aggressive and might spread quickly. 

What Causes Prostate Cancer?

Doctors know that prostate cancer is caused by changes in the DNA of prostate cells. The DNA of a cell contains instructions for how to function. As a result, the cells grow and divide more rapidly than normal cells. They continue to live even when other cells would die.

Invading tissues can be caused by the accumulating abnormal cells. Over time, abnormal cells can break off and spread to other parts of the body (metastasize).

Who are at risk for Prostate Cancer?

Factors that increase your risk of prostate cancer may include:

  • Family history – if you have a blood relative who has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, your risk may be increased. If you have a family history of genes that increase the risk of breast cancer or a very strong family history of breast cancer, your risk of having prostate cancer may be higher. 
  • Obesity – Obese people may have a higher risk of prostate cancer. The cancer is more likely to be more aggressive and more likely to return after initial treatment. 
  • Older age – Your risk of prostate cancer increases as you age which could be the most common when you are at 50 already. 

What are the symptoms of Prostate Cancer?

In the early stages, prostate cancer may cause no signs or symptoms. More advanced prostate cancer may cause signs and symptoms such as: 

  • Erectile dysfunction
  • Losing weight without trying
  • Bone pain
  • Blood in the semen and urine 
  • Decreased force in the stream of urine
  • Trouble urinating

Diagnosis for Prostate Cancer 

If prostate cancer screening detects an abnormality, your doctor may recommend further tests to determine whether you have prostate cancer, such as:

  • Collecting a sample of prostate tissue
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • Ultrasound

Treatment and Medications for Prostate Cancer  

Prostate cancer treatment options depend on several factors, such as how fast your cancer is growing as well as the potential benefits or side effects of the treatment. 

  • Surgery to remove the prostate
  • Radiation therapy
  • Freezing or heating prostate tissue
  • Hormone therapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Targeted drug therapy

The medication approved for the treatment of Prostate Cancer is:

  • Bicalutamide – is a prescription medicine belonging to a class of medicines called non-steroidal androgen receptor inhibitors. This is used to treat prostate cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic). Bicalutamide is given in combination with another medicine called a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone that helps prevent the testicles from producing testosterone. 

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